![]() Leftist forces allied with the upper bourgeoisie to replace Charles with Louis Philippe of the house of Orléans as a “citizen-king,” who agreed to be ruled by the desires of the rising industrial plutocracy.Īn Unconventional Woman Free from the social restrictions of marriage, Sand actively pursued life as a writer, moving in literary circles, selling articles, and being mentored by writers, such as Henri de Latouche and Charles Sainte-Beuve. Charles wanted to restore the absolute powers of the monarchy and the supremacy of the Catholic Church. The three-day 1830 revolution saw the removal of King Charles X, an ultraroyalist who had ruled since 1824. The failure of the 1830 revolution in France had coincided with the failure of Sand's marriage. His influence colored the remainder of Sand's writing, which increasingly reflected her feminist and political concerns. ![]() Supportive of her strength of character, Bourges persuaded Sand to express herself politically. She eventually prevailed, and Michel de Bourges, who advised her during her legal proceedings, became her lover. Because divorce in France was illegal at this time, she battled in court for a legal separation that included property rights and custody of one of her children. Unmoved by her coarse, unromantic husband, Sand grew restless and left her husband and children in 1831 to pursue aspirations of a literary career in Paris. At eighteen, Sand married Casimir Dudevant, a local army officer, and later gave birth to two children. Reached Maturity in Paris When her grandmother died, Sand, then seventeen, was reclaimed by her mother and taken to Paris. After her father's death, the four-year-old Sand was entrusted to her paternal grandmother at the family estate of Nohant in Berry, a historical region in France that would later be the setting of several of her novels. Her father, Maurice Dupin, was an aristocratic soldier, while her mother, Sophie Delaborde, was the daughter of a bird trainer. ![]() Works in Biographical and Historical ContextĪristocratic Upbringing in Berry Sand was born Armandine Aurore Lucille Dupin in Paris on July 1, 1804, to parents from very different backgrounds. Sand stated that the primary happiness in life was to be in love, and so she focused on relationships in most of her novels as she tackled the complexities of politics, society, and gender. Known for its blend of romance and realism, her writing was effortlessly spontaneous and prolific without sacrificing style and form. George Sand was a celebrated yet controversial French writer whose personal life oftentimes overshadowed her creative production. ![]()
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